Read 1 Kings 20
Ben-Hadad Attacks Samaria
20 Now Ben-Hadad king of Aram mustered his entire army. Accompanied by thirty-two kings with their horses and chariots, he went up and besieged Samaria and attacked it. 2 He sent messengers into the city to Ahab king of Israel, saying, “This is what Ben-Hadad says: 3 ‘Your silver and gold are mine, and the best of your wives and children are mine.’”
4 The king of Israel answered, “Just as you say, my lord the king. I and all I have are yours.”
5 The messengers came again and said, “This is what Ben-Hadad says: ‘I sent to demand your silver and gold, your wives and your children. 6 But about this time tomorrow I am going to send my officials to search your palace and the houses of your officials. They will seize everything you value and carry it away.’”
7 The king of Israel summoned all the elders of the land and said to them, “See how this man is looking for trouble! When he sent for my wives and my children, my silver and my gold, I did not refuse him.”
8 The elders and the people all answered, “Don’t listen to him or agree to his demands.”
9 So he replied to Ben-Hadad’s messengers, “Tell my lord the king, ‘Your servant will do all you demanded the first time, but this demand I cannot meet.’” They left and took the answer back to Ben-Hadad.
10 Then Ben-Hadad sent another message to Ahab: “May the gods deal with me, be it ever so severely, if enough dust remains in Samaria to give each of my men a handful.”
11 The king of Israel answered, “Tell him: ‘One who puts on his armor should not boast like one who takes it off.’”
12 Ben-Hadad heard this message while he and the kings were drinking in their tents, and he ordered his men: “Prepare to attack.” So they prepared to attack the city.
Ahab Defeats Ben-Hadad
13 Meanwhile a prophet came to Ahab king of Israel and announced, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Do you see this vast army? I will give it into your hand today, and then you will know that I am the Lord.’”
14 “But who will do this?” asked Ahab.
The prophet replied, “This is what the Lord says: ‘The junior officers under the provincial commanders will do it.’”
“And who will start the battle?” he asked.
The prophet answered, “You will.”
15 So Ahab summoned the 232 junior officers under the provincial commanders. Then he assembled the rest of the Israelites, 7,000 in all. 16 They set out at noon while Ben-Hadad and the 32 kings allied with him were in their tents getting drunk. 17 The junior officers under the provincial commanders went out first.
Now Ben-Hadad had dispatched scouts, who reported, “Men are advancing from Samaria.”
18 He said, “If they have come out for peace, take them alive; if they have come out for war, take them alive.”
19 The junior officers under the provincial commanders marched out of the city with the army behind them 20 and each one struck down his opponent. At that, the Arameans fled, with the Israelites in pursuit. But Ben-Hadad king of Aram escaped on horseback with some of his horsemen. 21 The king of Israel advanced and overpowered the horses and chariots and inflicted heavy losses on the Arameans.
22 Afterward, the prophet came to the king of Israel and said, “Strengthen your position and see what must be done, because next spring the king of Aram will attack you again.”
23 Meanwhile, the officials of the king of Aram advised him, “Their gods are gods of the hills. That is why they were too strong for us. But if we fight them on the plains, surely we will be stronger than they. 24 Do this: Remove all the kings from their commands and replace them with other officers. 25 You must also raise an army like the one you lost—horse for horse and chariot for chariot—so we can fight Israel on the plains. Then surely we will be stronger than they.” He agreed with them and acted accordingly.
26 The next spring Ben-Hadad mustered the Arameans and went up to Aphek to fight against Israel. 27 When the Israelites were also mustered and given provisions, they marched out to meet them. The Israelites camped opposite them like two small flocks of goats, while the Arameans covered the countryside.
28 The man of God came up and told the king of Israel, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Because the Arameans think the Lord is a god of the hills and not a god of the valleys, I will deliver this vast army into your hands, and you will know that I am the Lord.’”
29 For seven days they camped opposite each other, and on the seventh day the battle was joined. The Israelites inflicted a hundred thousand casualties on the Aramean foot soldiers in one day. 30 The rest of them escaped to the city of Aphek, where the wall collapsed on twenty-seven thousand of them. And Ben-Hadad fled to the city and hid in an inner room.
31 His officials said to him, “Look, we have heard that the kings of Israel are merciful. Let us go to the king of Israel with sackcloth around our waists and ropes around our heads. Perhaps he will spare your life.”
32 Wearing sackcloth around their waists and ropes around their heads, they went to the king of Israel and said, “Your servant Ben-Hadad says: ‘Please let me live.’”
The king answered, “Is he still alive? He is my brother.”
33 The men took this as a good sign and were quick to pick up his word. “Yes, your brother Ben-Hadad!” they said.
“Go and get him,” the king said. When Ben-Hadad came out, Ahab had him come up into his chariot.
34 “I will return the cities my father took from your father,” Ben-Hadad offered. “You may set up your own market areas in Damascus, as my father did in Samaria.”
Ahab said, “On the basis of a treaty I will set you free.” So he made a treaty with him, and let him go.
A Prophet Condemns Ahab
35 By the word of the Lord one of the company of the prophets said to his companion, “Strike me with your weapon,” but he refused.
36 So the prophet said, “Because you have not obeyed the Lord, as soon as you leave me a lion will kill you.” And after the man went away, a lion found him and killed him.
37 The prophet found another man and said, “Strike me, please.” So the man struck him and wounded him. 38 Then the prophet went and stood by the road waiting for the king. He disguised himself with his headband down over his eyes. 39 As the king passed by, the prophet called out to him, “Your servant went into the thick of the battle, and someone came to me with a captive and said, ‘Guard this man. If he is missing, it will be your life for his life, or you must pay a talent of silver.’ 40 While your servant was busy here and there, the man disappeared.”
“That is your sentence,” the king of Israel said. “You have pronounced it yourself.”
41 Then the prophet quickly removed the headband from his eyes, and the king of Israel recognized him as one of the prophets. 42 He said to the king, “This is what the Lord says: ‘You have set free a man I had determined should die. Therefore it is your life for his life, your people for his people.’” 43 Sullen and angry, the king of Israel went to his palace in Samaria.
Go Deeper
Pride. Arrogance. Greed. Murder. Irreverence. All these sins and more are profoundly on display in today’s reading. The King of Aram (Ben-Hadad) and the King of Israel (Ahab) go head-to-head in a battle over nothing, essentially. Twice they fight and twice Israel should have lost, but won instead. One battle was fought on the hilltops, and one was fought in the plains, but both times Israel’s small army defeated their “Goliath.”
But not by their own strength. Before each battle God speaks through an unnamed, faithful prophet and says, “And then you will know that I am the Lord.” Both battles were won by the Lord for the purposes of the Lord. Ahab, Israel’s king, wasn’t the good guy. 1 Kings 16:30 says that “he did more evil in the eyes of the LORD than any of those before him.” This war wasn’t even righteous or necessary. It was a foolish ego driven endeavor initiated by two prideful kings. The winning army, Israel, didn’t win because their king was smart or honorable or because the war was correcting an injustice. They won because God wanted to show His power and might to a group of foreigners, and even to his unbelieving King Ahab. In short, they won because God wanted to win. They won because God wanted to show that He is the true King.
In this story we see God work through the flawed king Ahab, a small army, and an unnamed prophet. None of these people could have done what they did on their own: Ahab lacked courage, the Israelite army lacked people, and the unnamed prophet lacked the king’s respect. Yet, God worked through each one of them to show that only He gets the glory due His name. Just like He works through broken jars of clay to show us He is the Potter (2 Corinthians 4:7) and how He works through our weakness to show His perfection (2 Corinthians 12:9), here he works through ill-equipped armies and evil kings to show us His power. “I am the Lord; that is my name; my glory I give to no other, nor my praise to carved idols,” Isaiah 42:8 says.
God deserves the glory that is due His name. And one way or another, through whatever person and method He chooses, He will get it.
Questions
- Do you think about the glory that is due God?
- How are we to give God glory in all we do and say?
- In what ways have you seen God move and work through your inadequacies and weaknesses? Remind yourself of His power and faithfulness today! Celebrate God!
Keep Digging
Check this article out for more information on the Glory of God.
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6 responses to “1 Kings 20”
Like Saul when he was to fight the Amalekites, God said kill them all, completely destroy them, but he did not. Ahab was to also destroy them all. Vs 42 states, He said to the king, “This is what the Lord says: ‘You have set free a man I had determined should die. Therefore it is your life for his life, your people for his people.’” but Ahab compromised and did not do what God said. Weirsbe says “If satan cant succeed as the lion who devours (1 Peter 5:8) he will come as a serpent who deceives (2 Cor 11:3).
Compromise is selfishness is disobedience is lack of spiritual depth is death.
The point is to know that Yehoveh is God and His glory wins everytime. Our minds do not comprehend the killings, but our God is a loving, full of grace and mercy. BUT GOD is also a God of justice. All things are explained in detail. He expects obedience and if not followed completely, there is/are consequences, even now.
Holy Spirit, help me recognize the areas in my life where I’m choosing compromise instead of joyful obedience to your grace!
God give me comprehension to the depth of what You are saying. God thank You that I have the blood of Jesus to be able to come to You so intimatly. God thank You for Your Holy Spirit showing me the way the truth and the life that I have through Jesus to You. God I ask for wisdom in my minutes of this day. God grant me spiritual eyes to see, Your words to speak, and to hear You with shema, listening, obedient response to You. God when the world is drowning in what seems and is so evil, help me to be able to share about You in Jesus name amen.
WOOHOO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
There is a good article in the Denison Forum yesterday that helps with “I believe; help my unbelief!” (Mark 9:24).
Denison Forum
I didn’t understand the statement about putting on and taking off the armor. Here’s what I found:
The statement in 1 Kings 20:11—“One who puts on his armor should not boast like one who takes it off”—means that it is premature and unwise to boast about victory or success before facing and completing a challenge.
Literal Meaning
This proverb was spoken by King Ahab of Israel in response to the threats and arrogance of Ben-Hadad, the king of Aram (Syria), before a battle. It draws a contrast between someone preparing for battle (“puts on his armor”) and someone who has already fought and survived to the end (“takes it off”), implying that only after the outcome is certain can one claim victory.
Broader Significance
• Warning against overconfidence: The statement cautions against premature boasting or pride before any contest, struggle, or pursuit has even begun or been completed.
• Wisdom for life and faith: This wisdom applies not only to warfare but to all aspects of life—achievements, challenges, or spiritual journeys. One should remain humble until results are realized, as outcomes are often unpredictable and determined by factors beyond human control.
• Reliance on God, not self: In biblical context, victory comes from God’s sovereignty, not human ability or strength alone. This underscores the spiritual lesson that faith should be placed in God rather than boasting in one’s own plans or preparations.
13 “This is what the Lord says: ‘Do you see this vast army? I will give it into your hand today, and then you will know that I am the Lord.’”
Tragic that this is prophesied to Arab and yet he still continued in his evil ways.
“Surely the Sovereign LORD does nothing without revealing his plan to his servants the prophets”(Amos 3:7).
This chapter reveals 3 separate occasions a prophet delivered the word of the Lord to Ahab. Yahweh wanted to be known and accepted as Lord, drawing the hearts of the people to his. After two amazing military victories, Ahab, moved by his feelings rather than sound judgement, makes a treaty with the enemy. In the process, he forfeits his own life. The rest of his story is horrific as the coming chapters will reveal.
God is Sovereign and in control even when undeserving. He deserves all the glory. Oh, the dangers of pride and disobedience. This serves as a call for repentance and total reliance on God.