Author: Jon Green

  • Numbers 31

    Numbers 31

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    Vengeance on the Midianites

    31 The Lord said to Moses, “Take vengeance on the Midianites for the Israelites. After that, you will be gathered to your people.”

    So Moses said to the people, “Arm some of your men to go to war against the Midianites so that they may carry out the Lord’s vengeance on them.Send into battle a thousand men from each of the tribes of Israel.” So twelve thousand men armed for battle, a thousand from each tribe, were supplied from the clans of Israel. Moses sent them into battle, a thousand from each tribe, along with Phinehas son of Eleazar, the priest, who took with him articles from the sanctuary and the trumpets for signaling.

    They fought against Midian, as the Lord commanded Moses, and killed every man. Among their victims were Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur and Reba—the five kings of Midian. They also killed Balaam son of Beor with the sword.The Israelites captured the Midianite women and children and took all the Midianite herds, flocks and goods as plunder. 10 They burned all the towns where the Midianites had settled, as well as all their camps. 11 They took all the plunder and spoils, including the people and animals, 12 and brought the captives, spoils and plunder to Moses and Eleazar the priest and the Israelite assembly at their camp on the plains of Moab, by the Jordan across from Jericho.

    13 Moses, Eleazar the priest and all the leaders of the community went to meet them outside the camp. 14 Moses was angry with the officers of the army—the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds—who returned from the battle.

    15 “Have you allowed all the women to live?” he asked them. 16 “They were the ones who followed Balaam’s advice and enticed the Israelites to be unfaithful to the Lord in the Peor incident, so that a plague struck the Lord’s people. 17 Now kill all the boys. And kill every woman who has slept with a man, 18 but save for yourselves every girl who has never slept with a man.

    19 “Anyone who has killed someone or touched someone who was killedmust stay outside the camp seven days. On the third and seventh days you must purify yourselves and your captives. 20 Purify every garment as well as everything made of leather, goat hair or wood.”

    21 Then Eleazar the priest said to the soldiers who had gone into battle,“This is what is required by the law that the Lord gave Moses: 22 Gold, silver, bronze, iron, tin, lead 23 and anything else that can withstand fire must be put through the fire, and then it will be clean. But it must also be purified with the water of cleansing. And whatever cannot withstand fire must be put through that water. 24 On the seventh day wash your clothes and you will be clean. Then you may come into the camp.”

    Dividing the Spoils

    25 The Lord said to Moses, 26 “You and Eleazar the priest and the family heads of the community are to count all the people and animals that were captured. 27 Divide the spoils equally between the soldiers who took part in the battle and the rest of the community. 28 From the soldiers who fought in the battle, set apart as tribute for the Lord one out of every five hundred, whether people, cattle, donkeys or sheep. 29 Take this tribute from their half share and give it to Eleazar the priest as the Lord’s part. 30 From the Israelites’ half, select one out of every fifty, whether people, cattle, donkeys, sheep or other animals. Give them to the Levites, who are responsible for the care of the Lord’s tabernacle.” 31 So Moses and Eleazar the priest did as the Lord commanded Moses.

    32 The plunder remaining from the spoils that the soldiers took was 675,000 sheep, 33 72,000 cattle, 34 61,000 donkeys 35 and 32,000 women who had never slept with a man.

    36 The half share of those who fought in the battle was:

    337,500 sheep, 37 of which the tribute for the Lord was 675;

    38 36,000 cattle, of which the tribute for the Lord was 72;

    39 30,500 donkeys, of which the tribute for the Lord was 61;

    40 16,000 people, of whom the tribute for the Lord was 32.

    41 Moses gave the tribute to Eleazar the priest as the Lord’s part, as the Lord commanded Moses.

    42 The half belonging to the Israelites, which Moses set apart from that of the fighting men— 43 the community’s half—was 337,500 sheep, 44 36,000 cattle, 45 30,500 donkeys 46 and 16,000 people. 47 From the Israelites’ half, Moses selected one out of every fifty people and animals, as the Lordcommanded him, and gave them to the Levites, who were responsible for the care of the Lord’s tabernacle.

    48 Then the officers who were over the units of the army—the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds—went to Moses 49 and said to him, “Your servants have counted the soldiers under our command, and not one is missing. 50 So we have brought as an offering to the Lord the gold articles each of us acquired—armlets, bracelets, signet rings, earrings and necklaces—to make atonement for ourselves before the Lord.”

    51 Moses and Eleazar the priest accepted from them the gold—all the crafted articles. 52 All the gold from the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds that Moses and Eleazar presented as a gift to the Lord weighed 16,750 shekels. 53 Each soldier had taken plunder for himself.54 Moses and Eleazar the priest accepted the gold from the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds and brought it into the tent of meeting as a memorial for the Israelites before the Lord.

    Go Deeper

    A few chapters ago in Numbers 25 we read God’s command to fight and destroy the Midianites due to their pagan worship and deceptive influences on the nation of Israel. God repeats that same command twice in Numbers 31, asking for 1000 soldiers from each tribe. He commanded these armies to totally destroy Midian and its people. The Israel captains did not obey the commands to the letter, and Moses expresses his anger which we read in verses 14 and 15. God, in His goodness, gives Moses specific commands on what to do next with the women, children, animals, gold and silver. Through these spoils, God graciously provides for the temple, priests, warriors, and people of Israel. Further, after a census of the soldiers who fought, not one soldier was missing. What grace and provision were shown to the Israelites in spite of their disobedience.

    The Midianites corrupted, misled, and fought with Israel for over 200 years. There are several thoughts to consider from this chapter. First, had Israel not forsaken God’s word from the beginning, this war would not have been necessary. This begs some questions for us today. Have we forgotten God’s word in some area of our own life that is causing unnecessary strife and problems? Proverbs 6:16-19 describes many of the traits of the Midianites saying, “There are six things God hates, yes, seven which are an abomination to Him; haughty eyes, a lying tongue, and hands that shed innocent blood, a heart that devises wicked plans, feet that run rapidly to evil, a false witness who utters lies, and one who spreads strife among brothers.” The judgment of God is a reality we must consider throughout our lives. Paul wrote in Romans 2:2 the same message saying, “and we know the judgment of God rightly falls on those who practice such things.” 

    God is also showing us His desire for us to worship Him and Him alone. The Ten Commandments include this righteous jealousy of God over us in Exodus 20:3 saying, “Thou shalt have no other gods before Me.” Are we in unfettered worship of God daily and weekly?  Paul later writes in verse 4 in the same chapter writing words of hope saying, “Or do you think lightly of the riches of His kindness and forbearance and patience knowing the kindness of God leads you to repentance?” Is there any area of faith where we are taking for granted the marvelous gift God has given us in Christ?

    Jesus went to the cross to save any and all who profess faith in Him and His redeeming work on the cross for all the world. He wants to draw us unto Him through His kindness and goodness. This single work of God gives our hearts, minds, and souls peace with God forever. Sincere and absolute repentance offered to God through this work of Christ on the cross will change our lives both now and forever. As we surrender to and walk with God, we also won’t have to fight self-inflicted sin driven wars that God never intended for us to fight. That is His promise.

    Questions

    1. Have you forgotten God’s Word in some area of your life that is causing you problems? If you feel conviction, seek the Lord for forgiveness and talk to a trusted Christian friend asking for prayer and guidance.
    2. Are you regularly abiding in Christ? Why or why not?
    3. Have you taken for granted anything in your relationship with Christ? Talk about this with your Life Group this week.

    A Quote

    George Williams, 18th century Bible commentary writer said, “The sin which seduces, can by faith in Christ, be utterly destroyed.”

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  • Numbers 30

    Numbers 30

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    Vows

    30 Moses said to the heads of the tribes of Israel: “This is what the Lord commands: When a man makes a vow to the Lord or takes an oath to obligate himself by a pledge, he must not break his word but must do everything he said.

    “When a young woman still living in her father’s household makes a vow to the Lord or obligates herself by a pledge and her father hears about her vow or pledge but says nothing to her, then all her vows and every pledge by which she obligated herself will stand. But if her father forbids her when he hears about it, none of her vows or the pledges by which she obligated herself will stand; the Lord will release her because her father has forbidden her.

    “If she marries after she makes a vow or after her lips utter a rash promise by which she obligates herself and her husband hears about it but says nothing to her, then her vows or the pledges by which she obligated herself will stand. But if her husband forbids her when he hears about it, he nullifies the vow that obligates her or the rash promise by which she obligates herself, and the Lord will release her.

    “Any vow or obligation taken by a widow or divorced woman will be binding on her.

    10 “If a woman living with her husband makes a vow or obligates herself by a pledge under oath 11 and her husband hears about it but says nothing to her and does not forbid her, then all her vows or the pledges by which she obligated herself will stand. 12 But if her husband nullifies them when he hears about them, then none of the vows or pledges that came from her lips will stand. Her husband has nullified them, and the Lord will release her.13 Her husband may confirm or nullify any vow she makes or any sworn pledge to deny herself. 14 But if her husband says nothing to her about it from day to day, then he confirms all her vows or the pledges binding on her. He confirms them by saying nothing to her when he hears about them. 15 If, however, he nullifies them some time after he hears about them, then he must bear the consequences of her wrongdoing.”

    16 These are the regulations the Lord gave Moses concerning relationships between a man and his wife, and between a father and his young daughter still living at home.

    Go Deeper

    Numbers 30 is a chapter that dives into the importance of vows and the seriousness with which we should make a vow or pledge. As Moses gathered the leaders of the tribes of Israel, he had important instructions for them to heed. Vows are made all the time. We give a handshake, we share that someone has our word, and we stretch out our littlest finger for a pinky promise. In many moments of the human experience, we make covenants and commitments in the day to day.

    We interchangeably use the terms commitment and covenant, but there is a major difference. A commitment is a one-sided obligation that requires only one person. Think of the responsibility to a New Year’s Resolution, a student to their class schedule, an employee to a work project, or an athlete to their training program. On the other hand, a covenant is a shared agreement between two parties. The relationship between parents and children could be looked at as a covenant when we see healthy commitment of respect and honor. Additionally, the marriage of a husband and wife is our most transcendent yet immanent earthly picture of covenant. There is a deeply shared commitment from both parties that represent a bond greater than their own.

    Although modern Christians may say to value “relationship over religion”, it is crucial to glean the wisdom of the Old Testament and use it to view God’s whole story. In the book of Numbers, Moses wrote on the laws that were established by Yawheh, the One True God of the Israelites. The law shared in Chapter 30 declares the importance of the integrity in the covenant of husbands and wives. The wisdom of this teaching is not exclusive to those in marriage. The law is meant to reveal that what matters to God should matter to us.

    In Matthew 5:17, Jesus shares “Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them”. While Jesus was never in a marriage, we see the evidence of his faithfulness to the covenant with the Bride: the Church. We ought to be followers of Jesus that don’t only use him as a moral example, but a lifeline to our side of the commitment in covenants.

    Questions

    1. What does this passage teach you about God? What does it teach you about humanity? 
    2. In your relationship with God, how have you seen him stay faithful to the covenant in difficult times?
    3. How seriously do you take the covenants in your own life? Are there any areas of your life where you’ve strayed away from your covenant with God or others?

    Did You KNow?

    Pastor David Guzik of the Enduring Word commentary has this note, showing the connection between this passage and when Jesus addresses making oaths:

    “Some people believe, usually based on Matthew 5:34-37, that vows or oaths are not permitted for God’s people today. But what Jesus said in the Sermon on the Mount regarding oaths was an emphasis on truth-telling and honesty, not an absolute prohibition of every oath. The Bible shows us that oaths are permitted under certain circumstances if they are not abused and used as a cover for deception.”

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  • Numbers 29

    Numbers 29

    Read Numbers 29

    The Festival of Trumpets

    29 “‘On the first day of the seventh month hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work. It is a day for you to sound the trumpets. As an aroma pleasing to the Lord, offer a burnt offering of one young bull, one ram and seven male lambs a year old, all without defect. With the bull offer a grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with olive oil; with the ram, two-tenths; and with each of the seven lambs, one-tenth.Include one male goat as a sin offering to make atonement for you. These are in addition to the monthly and daily burnt offerings with their grain offerings and drink offerings as specified. They are food offerings presented to the Lord, a pleasing aroma.

    The Day of Atonement

    “‘On the tenth day of this seventh month hold a sacred assembly. You must deny yourselves and do no work. Present as an aroma pleasing to the Lorda burnt offering of one young bull, one ram and seven male lambs a year old, all without defect. With the bull offer a grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with oil; with the ram, two-tenths; 10 and with each of the seven lambs, one-tenth. 11 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the sin offering for atonement and the regular burnt offering with its grain offering, and their drink offerings.

    The Festival of Tabernacles

    12 “‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work. Celebrate a festival to the Lord for seven days.13 Present as an aroma pleasing to the Lord a food offering consisting of a burnt offering of thirteen young bulls, two rams and fourteen male lambs a year old, all without defect. 14 With each of the thirteen bulls offer a grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with oil; with each of the two rams, two-tenths; 15 and with each of the fourteen lambs, one-tenth. 16 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering.

    17 “‘On the second day offer twelve young bulls, two rams and fourteen male lambs a year old, all without defect. 18 With the bulls, rams and lambs, offer their grain offerings and drink offerings according to the number specified.19 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering, and their drink offerings.

    20 “‘On the third day offer eleven bulls, two rams and fourteen male lambs a year old, all without defect. 21 With the bulls, rams and lambs, offer their grain offerings and drink offerings according to the number specified.22 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering.

    23 “‘On the fourth day offer ten bulls, two rams and fourteen male lambs a year old, all without defect. 24 With the bulls, rams and lambs, offer their grain offerings and drink offerings according to the number specified.25 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering.

    26 “‘On the fifth day offer nine bulls, two rams and fourteen male lambs a year old, all without defect. 27 With the bulls, rams and lambs, offer their grain offerings and drink offerings according to the number specified.28 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering.

    29 “‘On the sixth day offer eight bulls, two rams and fourteen male lambs a year old, all without defect. 30 With the bulls, rams and lambs, offer their grain offerings and drink offerings according to the number specified.31 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering.

    32 “‘On the seventh day offer seven bulls, two rams and fourteen male lambs a year old, all without defect. 33 With the bulls, rams and lambs, offer their grain offerings and drink offerings according to the number specified.34 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering.

    35 “‘On the eighth day hold a closing special assembly and do no regular work. 36 Present as an aroma pleasing to the Lord a food offering consisting of a burnt offering of one bull, one ram and seven male lambs a year old, all without defect. 37 With the bull, the ram and the lambs, offer their grain offerings and drink offerings according to the number specified. 38 Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering.

    39 “‘In addition to what you vow and your freewill offerings, offer these to the Lord at your appointed festivals: your burnt offerings, grain offerings, drink offerings and fellowship offerings.’”

    40 Moses told the Israelites all that the Lord commanded him.

    Go Deeper

    There’s no question that this chapter is (at times) hard to follow with the specific instruction of sacrifice. To properly understand the importance of this chapter it is important to remember that sacrifice isn’t considered regular “work” but it is considered worship. Sacrifice was required by the Lord to remind the Israelites of His continual plan of provision, and He never required a sacrifice He didn’t provide for. 

    In verse seven we read about the offerings for the Day of Atonement. While this looks similar to the sacrifice before and following in this chapter of Numbers, this instruction was not to prepare for a happy feast. The Day of Atonement was a day to carefully consider the burden of sin. As we continue in verse 12 we see instruction for an even bigger sacrifice celebrating The Feast of Tabernacles in memorial and celebration of God’s faithfulness to Israel throughout the Exodus. In The Bible Recap Tara-Leigh Cobble says, “The sacrifice of so many animals was a demonstration of the richness of God’s provision to them throughout the wilderness.”

    All of this instruction was essential for the Israelites as they were on the threshold of the Promised Land. They needed a reminder of responsibility and the need for sacrifice. Looking at the numbers referenced in this passage, it’s helpful for us to stop and ask ourselves how much do we sacrifice for the Lord? If we’re not careful, we can live with such a consumer’s mindset and miss out on the call to live sacrificially.

    Thinking back to Numbers 28 we learn about the sabbath again, emphasizing its level of importance. Sabbath can also be considered a sacrifice, as it is a sacrifice of time to rest and refocus on the Lord. Another way we can experience sacrifice today is through financial giving, or giving up something of this world to follow the Lord. This chapter of Numbers humbly reminds us that while Jesus was the ultimate sacrifice and died on our behalf, we can still hold the riches and blessings the Lord has given loosely in reverence and awe of him. We can remember that sacrifice helps us remember God’s provision and helps us trust Him on a deeper level.

    Questions

    1. How are you practicing sacrifice in your life? 
    2. Is there something the Lord could be prompting you to sacrifice to draw nearer to Him?
    3. How does reading about sacrifice in the Old Testament stir your affection for Jesus?

    Did You KNow?

    In the Enduring Word commentary David Guzik says, “For Israel to obey what God commanded in Numbers 28-29, it meant that every year, the priests sacrificed 1,086 lambs, 113 bulls, 32 rams, more than a ton of flour, and some 1,000 bottles of oil and wine on behalf of the nation.”

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  • Numbers 28

    Numbers 28

    Read Numbers 28

    Daily Offerings

    28 The Lord said to Moses, “Give this command to the Israelites and say to them: ‘Make sure that you present to me at the appointed time my foodofferings, as an aroma pleasing to me.’ Say to them: ‘This is the food offering you are to present to the Lord: two lambs a year old without defect,as a regular burnt offering each day. Offer one lamb in the morning and the other at twilight, together with a grain offering of a tenth of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with a quarter of a hin of oil from pressed olives. This is the regular burnt offering instituted at Mount Sinai as a pleasing aroma, a food offering presented to the Lord. The accompanying drink offering is to be a quarter of a hin of fermented drink with each lamb. Pour out the drink offering to the Lord at the sanctuary. Offer the second lamb at twilight,along with the same kind of grain offering and drink offering that you offer in the morning. This is a food offering, an aroma pleasing to the Lord.

    Sabbath Offerings

    “‘On the Sabbath day, make an offering of two lambs a year old without defect, together with its drink offering and a grain offering of two-tenths of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with olive oil. 10 This is the burnt offering for every Sabbath, in addition to the regular burnt offering and its drink offering.

    Monthly Offerings

    11 “‘On the first of every month, present to the Lord a burnt offering of two young bulls, one ram and seven male lambs a year old, all without defect.12 With each bull there is to be a grain offering of three-tenths of an ephahof the finest flour mixed with oil; with the ram, a grain offering of two-tenthsof an ephah of the finest flour mixed with oil; 13 and with each lamb, a grain offering of a tenth of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with oil. This is for a burnt offering, a pleasing aroma, a food offering presented to the Lord.14 With each bull there is to be a drink offering of half a hin of wine; with the ram, a third of a hin; and with each lamb, a quarter of a hin. This is the monthly burnt offering to be made at each new moon during the year.15 Besides the regular burnt offering with its drink offering, one male goat is to be presented to the Lord as a sin offering.

    The Passover

    16 “‘On the fourteenth day of the first month the Lord’s Passover is to be held. 17 On the fifteenth day of this month there is to be a festival; for seven days eat bread made without yeast. 18 On the first day hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work. 19 Present to the Lord a food offeringconsisting of a burnt offering of two young bulls, one ram and seven male lambs a year old, all without defect. 20 With each bull offer a grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with oil; with the ram, two-tenths; 21 and with each of the seven lambs, one-tenth. 22 Include one male goat as a sin offering to make atonement for you. 23 Offer these in addition to the regular morning burnt offering. 24 In this way present the food offering every day for seven days as an aroma pleasing to the Lord; it is to be offered in addition to the regular burnt offering and its drink offering. 25 On the seventh day hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work.

    The Festival of Weeks

    26 “‘On the day of firstfruits, when you present to the Lord an offering of new grain during the Festival of Weeks, hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work. 27 Present a burnt offering of two young bulls, one ram and seven male lambs a year old as an aroma pleasing to the Lord. 28 With each bull there is to be a grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with oil; with the ram, two-tenths; 29 and with each of the seven lambs, one-tenth. 30 Include one male goat to make atonement for you.31 Offer these together with their drink offerings, in addition to the regular burnt offering and its grain offering. Be sure the animals are without defect.

    Go Deeper

    In today’s reading Moses receives a clear picture of the consequences of sin. He was commanded by the Lord to carefully and constantly make the proper offering for sin. Picture this for a second: all the Israelites, enduring the heat of the wilderness all while constantly sacrificing animals to atone for their sin. Blood surrounded them and there seemed to be no end to this way of atonement. This was a messy site and God was making it abundantly clear to them that all sin requires blood. Every sin must be atoned for. They are to offer daily, Sabbath, monthly, Passover, and feast of weeks offerings. Yet even with the high demand for offerings being made, there were clear requirements for the lambs. They were all to be male lambs, a year old, and without blemish. Symbolically, the one with no blemish would die to cleanse the blemished.

    On the 14th day of the first month, they were to remember the Lord’s deliverance of Passover. In Exodus 12 the Lord struck down all the firstborn of Egypt. However, for those who were marked by the blood, He would pass over and not destroy them. In light of God’s deliverance, they were to remember forever that the Lord saves those who are marked by the blood. 

    The Israelites longed for a day when the daily sacrifice would end and they could be made right with God forever. Years later, as John the Baptist saw Jesus approaching him, he takes us back to Numbers 28. Upon seeing Jesus, John said, “Behold, the perfect Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world” (John 1:29). Jesus did, once and for all, what the sacrificial system could not. He would be hung on a tree He created to atone for the sins of the world and His blood shed. However, on the 3rd day, He rose to life and defeated death. Would we offer our bodies as a living sacrifice which is our spiritual worship (Romans 12:1) to the One who loves us and frees us from our sins by His blood (Revelation 1:5)?

    Questions

    1. What do you think was the purpose of the different offerings for different occasions?
    2. How can you make a practice of keeping God’s deliverance at the forefront of your mind today?
    3. What is a way to offer yourself to God today as a “living sacrifice”?

    A Quote

    “That’s who Jesus Christ is. He became the final Priest and the final Sacrifice. Sinless, he did not offer sacrifices for himself. Immortal, he never has to be replaced. Human, he could bear human sins. Therefore he did not offer sacrifices for himself; he offered himself as the final sacrifice. There will never be the need for another. There is one mediator between us and God. One priest. We need no other. Oh, how happy are those who draw near to God through Christ alone.” – John Piper

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  • Rest Day + Family Guide (Numbers 22-27)

    Rest Day + Family Guide (Numbers 22-27)

    Rest Day

    Each Sunday is a Rest Day. There is no new Bible reading to do. Today, the goal is simple: rest in the presence of God. Maybe you need to use today to get caught up on the reading plan if you’re behind, maybe you want to journal what you’re learning so you don’t forget what God is teaching you, or maybe you want to spend time in concentrated prayer–do that. Above all, just spend time in God’s presence.

    Each Rest Day, we will have an additional element to help you dig deeper. Sometimes it will be extra resources to further your study, a video to watch, or a podcast to listen to. Sometimes we’ll have a verse to commit to memorize to help you hide God’s Word in your heart. 

    If you have kids, our Family Guide will help you discuss what you’re reading and learning with them! It’s a great opportunity for your family to read God’s Word together and review what we read the previous week!

    Read This

    One of the more surprising things in the book of Numbers is the story of Balaam’s donkey speaking! Check out this article from GotQuestions.org to learn more about this story! 

    Family Guide

    Check out this week’s Numbers 22-27 Family Guide!

  • Numbers 27

    Numbers 27

    Read Numbers 27

    Zelophehad’s Daughters

    27 The daughters of Zelophehad son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Makir, the son of Manasseh, belonged to the clans of Manasseh son of Joseph. The names of the daughters were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah and Tirzah. They came forward and stood before Moses, Eleazar the priest, the leaders and the whole assembly at the entrance to the tent of meetingand said, “Our father died in the wilderness. He was not among Korah’s followers, who banded together against the Lord, but he died for his own sin and left no sons. Why should our father’s name disappear from his clan because he had no son? Give us property among our father’s relatives.”

    So Moses brought their case before the Lord, and the Lord said to him,“What Zelophehad’s daughters are saying is right. You must certainly give them property as an inheritance among their father’s relatives and give their father’s inheritance to them.

    “Say to the Israelites, ‘If a man dies and leaves no son, give his inheritance to his daughter. If he has no daughter, give his inheritance to his brothers.10 If he has no brothers, give his inheritance to his father’s brothers. 11 If his father had no brothers, give his inheritance to the nearest relative in his clan, that he may possess it. This is to have the force of law for the Israelites, as the Lord commanded Moses.’”

    Joshua to Succeed Moses

    12 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go up this mountain in the Abarim Rangeand see the land I have given the Israelites. 13 After you have seen it, you too will be gathered to your people, as your brother Aaron was, 14 for when the community rebelled at the waters in the Desert of Zin, both of you disobeyed my command to honor me as holy before their eyes.” (These were the waters of Meribah Kadesh, in the Desert of Zin.)

    15 Moses said to the Lord, 16 “May the Lord, the God who gives breath to all living things, appoint someone over this community 17 to go out and come in before them, one who will lead them out and bring them in, so the Lord’s people will not be like sheep without a shepherd.”

    18 So the Lord said to Moses, “Take Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom is the spirit of leadership, and lay your hand on him. 19 Have him stand before Eleazar the priest and the entire assembly and commission him in their presence. 20 Give him some of your authority so the whole Israelite community will obey him. 21 He is to stand before Eleazar the priest, who will obtain decisions for him by inquiring of the Urim before the Lord. At his command he and the entire community of the Israelites will go out, and at his command they will come in.”

    22 Moses did as the Lord commanded him. He took Joshua and had him stand before Eleazar the priest and the whole assembly. 23 Then he laid his hands on him and commissioned him, as the Lord instructed through Moses.

    Go Deeper

    In this chapter, we see two different narratives: one involving Zelophehad’s daughters and another involving Moses and Joshua. While both stories deal with the graciousness of the Lord (in Zelophehad’s daughters’ case, His sovereignty in providing them an inheritance), today we’re going to zoom in on the story of Moses’ leadership being passed to the next generation through Joshua. 

    Remember back in Numbers 20 when Moses disobeyed the Lord by hitting the rock for water, rather than speaking to it like the Lord instructed? Beginning in verse 12 we see the consequence of Moses’ disobedience begin to unfold and God’s graciousness highlighted. Verses 12-14 explain that Moses will not be able to enter into Canaan and how he will die after seeing the Promised Land from Mount Nebo (Deuteronomy 32:48-52). Moses’ reaction to God’s announcement of his death was quite admirable. 

    Wouldn’t you think Moses would be upset that he wouldn’t be able to lead his people into the land the Lord has promised? Instead, Moses prayed to the Lord. “May the Lord, the God who gives breath to all living things, appoint someone over this community… so the Lord’s people will not be like sheep without a shepherd” (v. 16-17).  We begin to understand that Moses truly sees Yahweh as sovereign by surrendering full control to Him when deciding who is to be appointed next to lead the Israelites.  

    The Lord’s response back to Moses is where we can deeply see the Lord’s graciousness. In verse 18, the Lord appoints Joshua. One of the most important qualifications of Joshua’s leadership is mentioned in this same verse, “a man who has the Spirit in him” (v. 18, CSB). The Lord then asks his servant Moses to appoint Joshua by laying his hands on him in front of the whole Israelite community. This is significant because the Lord desired for his people to see and follow the man whom he appointed to lead the next generation into the Promised Land.

    When reading today we can be reminded that the Lord is the true Good Shepherd. The Lord is the one who fulfills everything Moses was pleading for in verse 16 to lead the Israelites. Deuteronomy 31:8 reiterates this to us: “The Lord himself goes before you and will be with you; he will never leave you nor forsake you. Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged.” The Lord was sovereign in preparing a way for the Israelites to enter into Canaan with a leader whom the Spirit of the Lord was in.

    Questions

    1. What do both of these narratives teach you about God? What do they teach you about humanity? 
    2. Where do you need to surrender control to fully allow the Lord to be the Good Shepherd of your life? 
    3. In what ways do you feel the Lord is preparing you to enter into a new season?

    Pray This

    Lord, I thank you that you are the Good Shepherd in my life. Thank you for all the ways you have gone before me and prepared a way to care for me, even if it is different than what I expected. Please reveal to me where I need to surrender control to see the plan you have been writing for me. In Jesus name, Amen. 

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  • Numbers 26

    Numbers 26

    Read Numbers 26

    The Second Census

    26 After the plague the Lord said to Moses and Eleazar son of Aaron, the priest, “Take a census of the whole Israelite community by families—all those twenty years old or more who are able to serve in the army of Israel.”So on the plains of Moab by the Jordan across from Jericho, Moses and Eleazar the priest spoke with them and said, “Take a census of the men twenty years old or more, as the Lord commanded Moses.”

    These were the Israelites who came out of Egypt:

    The descendants of Reuben, the firstborn son of Israel, were:

    through Hanok, the Hanokite clan;

    through Pallu, the Palluite clan;

    through Hezron, the Hezronite clan;

    through Karmi, the Karmite clan.

    These were the clans of Reuben; those numbered were 43,730.

    The son of Pallu was Eliab, and the sons of Eliab were Nemuel, Dathan and Abiram. The same Dathan and Abiram were the community officials who rebelled against Moses and Aaron and were among Korah’s followers when they rebelled against the Lord. 10 The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them along with Korah, whose followers died when the fire devoured the 250 men. And they served as a warning sign. 11 The line of Korah, however, did not die out.

    12 The descendants of Simeon by their clans were:

    through Nemuel, the Nemuelite clan;

    through Jamin, the Jaminite clan;

    through Jakin, the Jakinite clan;

    13 through Zerah, the Zerahite clan;

    through Shaul, the Shaulite clan.

    14 These were the clans of Simeon; those numbered were 22,200.

    15 The descendants of Gad by their clans were:

    through Zephon, the Zephonite clan;

    through Haggi, the Haggite clan;

    through Shuni, the Shunite clan;

    16 through Ozni, the Oznite clan;

    through Eri, the Erite clan;

    17 through Arodi, the Arodite clan;

    through Areli, the Arelite clan.

    18 These were the clans of Gad; those numbered were 40,500.

    19 Er and Onan were sons of Judah, but they died in Canaan.

    20 The descendants of Judah by their clans were:

    through Shelah, the Shelanite clan;

    through Perez, the Perezite clan;

    through Zerah, the Zerahite clan.

    21 The descendants of Perez were:

    through Hezron, the Hezronite clan;

    through Hamul, the Hamulite clan.

    22 These were the clans of Judah; those numbered were 76,500.

    23 The descendants of Issachar by their clans were:

    through Tola, the Tolaite clan;

    through Puah, the Puite clan;

    24 through Jashub, the Jashubite clan;

    through Shimron, the Shimronite clan.

    25 These were the clans of Issachar; those numbered were 64,300.

    26 The descendants of Zebulun by their clans were:

    through Sered, the Seredite clan;

    through Elon, the Elonite clan;

    through Jahleel, the Jahleelite clan.

    27 These were the clans of Zebulun; those numbered were 60,500.

    28 The descendants of Joseph by their clans through Manasseh and Ephraim were:

    29 The descendants of Manasseh:

    through Makir, the Makirite clan (Makir was the father of Gilead);

    through Gilead, the Gileadite clan.

    30 These were the descendants of Gilead:

    through Iezer, the Iezerite clan;

    through Helek, the Helekite clan;

    31 through Asriel, the Asrielite clan;

    through Shechem, the Shechemite clan;

    32 through Shemida, the Shemidaite clan;

    through Hepher, the Hepherite clan.

    33 (Zelophehad son of Hepher had no sons; he had only daughters, whose names were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah and Tirzah.)

    34 These were the clans of Manasseh; those numbered were 52,700.

    35 These were the descendants of Ephraim by their clans:

    through Shuthelah, the Shuthelahite clan;

    through Beker, the Bekerite clan;

    through Tahan, the Tahanite clan.

    36 These were the descendants of Shuthelah:

    through Eran, the Eranite clan.

    37 These were the clans of Ephraim; those numbered were 32,500.

    These were the descendants of Joseph by their clans.

    38 The descendants of Benjamin by their clans were:

    through Bela, the Belaite clan;

    through Ashbel, the Ashbelite clan;

    through Ahiram, the Ahiramite clan;

    39 through Shupham, the Shuphamite clan;

    through Hupham, the Huphamite clan.

    40 The descendants of Bela through Ard and Naaman were:

    through Ard, the Ardite clan;

    through Naaman, the Naamite clan.

    41 These were the clans of Benjamin; those numbered were 45,600.

    42 These were the descendants of Dan by their clans:

    through Shuham, the Shuhamite clan.

    These were the clans of Dan: 43 All of them were Shuhamite clans; and those numbered were 64,400.

    44 The descendants of Asher by their clans were:

    through Imnah, the Imnite clan;

    through Ishvi, the Ishvite clan;

    through Beriah, the Beriite clan;

    45 and through the descendants of Beriah:

    through Heber, the Heberite clan;

    through Malkiel, the Malkielite clan.

    46 (Asher had a daughter named Serah.)

    47 These were the clans of Asher; those numbered were 53,400.

    48 The descendants of Naphtali by their clans were:

    through Jahzeel, the Jahzeelite clan;

    through Guni, the Gunite clan;

    49 through Jezer, the Jezerite clan;

    through Shillem, the Shillemite clan.

    50 These were the clans of Naphtali; those numbered were 45,400.

    51 The total number of the men of Israel was 601,730.

    52 The Lord said to Moses, 53 “The land is to be allotted to them as an inheritance based on the number of names. 54 To a larger group give a larger inheritance, and to a smaller group a smaller one; each is to receive its inheritance according to the number of those listed. 55 Be sure that the land is distributed by lot. What each group inherits will be according to the names for its ancestral tribe. 56 Each inheritance is to be distributed by lot among the larger and smaller groups.”

    57 These were the Levites who were counted by their clans:

    through Gershon, the Gershonite clan;

    through Kohath, the Kohathite clan;

    through Merari, the Merarite clan.

    58 These also were Levite clans:

    the Libnite clan,

    the Hebronite clan,

    the Mahlite clan,

    the Mushite clan,

    the Korahite clan.

    (Kohath was the forefather of Amram; 59 the name of Amram’s wife was Jochebed, a descendant of Levi, who was born to the Levites in Egypt. To Amram she bore Aaron, Moses and their sister Miriam. 60 Aaron was the father of Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. 61 But Nadab and Abihudied when they made an offering before the Lord with unauthorized fire.)

    62 All the male Levites a month old or more numbered 23,000. They were not counted along with the other Israelites because they received no inheritanceamong them.

    63 These are the ones counted by Moses and Eleazar the priest when they counted the Israelites on the plains of Moab by the Jordan across from Jericho. 64 Not one of them was among those counted by Moses and Aaronthe priest when they counted the Israelites in the Desert of Sinai. 65 For the Lord had told those Israelites they would surely die in the wilderness, and not one of them was left except Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun.

    Go Deeper

    The chapter tells us about the census that Moses and the new high priest, Eleazar, took of the people of Israel and how God told them they were to divide territories once they entered the promised land. There can be a temptation to gloss over passages abouts censuses and genealogies in the Old Testament. The names are foreign and unknown to us and we can get bogged down in the lists and details. However, beneath the surface is a wealth of insight that allows us just a glimpse into the heart and mind of God. Each name is a nudge–a reminder of who He is and what He has accomplished.

    Let’s start at the end in verse 63: “These were those listed by Moses and Eleazar the priest, who listed the people of Israel in the plains of Moab by the Jodan at Jericho.” This second census was taken after Israel had wandered in the desert for forty years. Forty years is a long time. While roaming because of their disbelief and disobedience, any number of things could have taken out the Israelites- harsh conditions, surrounding nations, disease, malnutrition, you name it. Instead, we see that the Israelite population has remained essentially the same size throughout its time of wandering.

    What mercy and kindness God extended to his people! Hidden beneath this list of names is a reminder that God keeps his promises. He promised in Genesis 26:4 that he would make Abraham’s descendants “as numerous as the starts in the sky,” and we see here that nothing, not even the Israelite’s disobedience, is going to prevent him from keeping that promise. Verse 64 tells us that no one from the first census taken before their time of wandering, except for Joshua and Caleb, was left to inherit the promised land. Rewind to Numbers 14 when the spies returned from exploring the land of Canaan, and only Joshua and Caleb were confident that the Lord could accomplish what He said He was going to.

    The Lord tells the people that no one besides these two “shall see the land that I swore to give to their fathers” (v. 23). Now, forty years later, the Lord remembers the promise he made to these two faithful followers of his. In keeping with the promise, all of the wilderness generation has passed, yet Caleb and Joshua prepare to enter the promised land. The listing of the Israelites by tribe and number reveals to us the faithfulness and promise-keeping nature of our God!

    Questions

    1. What do you think God is wanting you to learn about his character from this chapter? Where do you see Him at work?
    2. What promises has God made to you that you can trust He will keep? If nothing specific comes to mind, start by looking at the promises he makes to us in scripture.
    3. How can you reflect on and thank God for the promises that He has already fulfilled in your life?

    Pray This

    God,

    Thank you that you are a promise-keeping God. Thank you that we never have to wonder if you will keep your promises to us because we see your faithfulness displayed in scripture. Thank you that you promise eternal life to those who trust in you and that we can know that you will keep that promise!

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  • Numbers 25

    Numbers 25

    Read Numbers 25

    Moab Seduces Israel

    25 While Israel was staying in Shittim, the men began to indulge in sexual immorality with Moabite women, who invited them to the sacrifices to their gods. The people ate the sacrificial meal and bowed down before these gods. So Israel yoked themselves to the Baal of Peor. And the Lord’s anger burned against them.

    The Lord said to Moses, “Take all the leaders of these people, kill them and expose them in broad daylight before the Lord, so that the Lord’s fierce anger may turn away from Israel.”

    So Moses said to Israel’s judges, “Each of you must put to death those of your people who have yoked themselves to the Baal of Peor.”

    Then an Israelite man brought into the camp a Midianite woman right before the eyes of Moses and the whole assembly of Israel while they were weeping at the entrance to the tent of meeting. When Phinehas son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, the priest, saw this, he left the assembly, took a spear in his hand and followed the Israelite into the tent. He drove the spear into both of them, right through the Israelite man and into the woman’s stomach. Then the plague against the Israelites was stopped; but those who died in the plague numbered 24,000.

    10 The Lord said to Moses, 11 “Phinehas son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, the priest, has turned my anger away from the Israelites. Since he was as zealous for my honor among them as I am, I did not put an end to them in my zeal. 12 Therefore tell him I am making my covenant of peace with him. 13 He and his descendants will have a covenant of a lasting priesthood, because he was zealous for the honor of his God and made atonement for the Israelites.”

    14 The name of the Israelite who was killed with the Midianite woman was Zimri son of Salu, the leader of a Simeonite family. 15 And the name of the Midianite woman who was put to death was Kozbi daughter of Zur, a tribal chief of a Midianite family.

    16 The Lord said to Moses, 17 “Treat the Midianites as enemies and kill them.18 They treated you as enemies when they deceived you in the Peor incidentinvolving their sister Kozbi, the daughter of a Midianite leader, the woman who was killed when the plague came as a result of that incident.”

    Go Deeper

    As we read this chapter, it is important to remember that God had just protected Israel against Balaam and Balak, and the Israelites’ actions in this chapter are an ungrateful response to His blessings. While Israel had sinned in many ways during the exodus, this was the first time they openly worshiped another god. This awoke the anger of the Lord and caused a plague that killed thousands (v. 9). As one commentary explains, “What an enemy set out to do but could never accomplish, Israel did to itself through disobedience.” This disobedience was so renowned that it is remembered and memorialized thousands of years later in Revelation 2 when the connection is drawn between Balaam’s unsuccessful attempts to curse Israel with the successful planting of temptation through idolatry and sexual immorality. When Balaam couldn’t curse Israel, he instead sent the Midianite women to tempt the men of Israel–and his plan worked.  

    God’s response was to instruct Moses to judge the sin openly, through execution of the offenders in broad daylight. We see in verses 6-8, however, that one righteous man was “zealous” for God’s honor and this zeal saved God’s people. Phinehas, the grandson of Aaron, witnessed an especially deliberate and provocative sin between an Israelite man and a Midianite woman in front of the tabernacle–a sin so blatant that it caused many to weep. Phinehas refused to accept this rebellion against God and killed them both with one spear. 

    Notice the language used in verse 11. Because Phinehas was “zealous for His honor”, the Lord made a covenant of peace with him and his family as well as provided atonement for the Israelites. The plague ended and lives were saved because of this one man’s zealous act for the Lord. There are similarities to be drawn with Jesus’s zealous anger and provision of atonement for the sins of many. But it is also important to note how the actions of one loyal man and his zeal for the honor of God make a big impact in his community.

    We observe sinful behavior in and around us on a daily basis. Do those acts stir a similar response in us? Do we have such zeal for God’s honor that we are willing to defend His authority? For us that could be something as simple as refusing to engage in inappropriate conversations or speaking out against con-men practices or teachings that do not align with God’s word. It might lead us to a place of discomfort with those close to us, but God has shown He can and will honor one righteous act—and that can make all the difference.

    Questions

    1. Would you consider yourself “zealous” in your defense of God’s honor? Why or why not?
    2. What do you think that looks like for you on a daily basis?
    3. What idols might you need to remove from your life in order to be less like the Israelite man and more like Phinehas?

    A Quote

    “Whereas it was Phinehas’ spear that pierced the sinners that made atonement for Israel, it was the nails and spear that pierced Jesus that made atonement for the sins of the whole world.” -Gordon Wenham

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  • Numbers 24

    Numbers 24

    Read Numbers 24

    24 Now when Balaam saw that it pleased the Lord to bless Israel, he did not resort to divination as at other times, but turned his face toward the wilderness. When Balaam looked out and saw Israel encamped tribe by tribe, the Spirit of God came on him and he spoke his message:

    “The prophecy of Balaam son of Beor,
        the prophecy of one whose eye sees clearly,
    the prophecy of one who hears the words of God,
        who sees a vision from the Almighty,
        who falls prostrate, and whose eyes are opened:


    “How beautiful are your tents, Jacob,
        your dwelling places, Israel!

    “Like valleys they spread out,
        like gardens beside a river,
    like aloes planted by the Lord,
        like cedars beside the waters.
    Water will flow from their buckets;
        their seed will have abundant water.

    “Their king will be greater than Agag;
        their kingdom will be exalted.


    “God brought them out of Egypt;
        they have the strength of a wild ox.
    They devour hostile nations
        and break their bones in pieces;
        with their arrows they pierce them.
    Like a lion they crouch and lie down,
        like a lioness—who dares to rouse them?

    “May those who bless you be blessed
        and those who curse you be cursed!”
    10 Then Balak’s anger burned against Balaam. He struck his hands togetherand said to him, “I summoned you to curse my enemies, but you have blessed them these three times. 11 Now leave at once and go home! I said I would reward you handsomely, but the Lord has kept you from being rewarded.”12 Balaam answered Balak, “Did I not tell the messengers you sent me,13 ‘Even if Balak gave me all the silver and gold in his palace, I could not do anything of my own accord, good or bad, to go beyond the command of the Lord—and I must say only what the Lord says’? 14 Now I am going back to my people, but come, let me warn you of what this people will do to your people in days to come.”


    Balaam’s Fourth Message
    15 Then he spoke his message:

    “The prophecy of Balaam son of Beor,
        the prophecy of one whose eye sees clearly,
    16 the prophecy of one who hears the words of God,
        who has knowledge from the Most High,
    who sees a vision from the Almighty,
        who falls prostrate, and whose eyes are opened:


    17 “I see him, but not now;
        I behold him, but not near.
    A star will come out of Jacob;
        a scepter will rise out of Israel.
    He will crush the foreheads of Moab,
        the skulls of all the people of Sheth.
    18 Edom will be conquered;
        Seir, his enemy, will be conquered,
        but Israel will grow strong.
    19 A ruler will come out of Jacob
        and destroy the survivors of the city.”


    Balaam’s Fifth Message
    20 Then Balaam saw Amalek and spoke his message:

    “Amalek was first among the nations,
        but their end will be utter destruction.”


    Balaam’s Sixth Message

    21 Then he saw the Kenites and spoke his message:
    “Your dwelling place is secure,
        your nest is set in a rock;
    22 yet you Kenites will be destroyed
        when Ashur takes you captive.”


    Balaam’s Seventh Message

    23 Then he spoke his message:
    “Alas! Who can live when God does this?
    24     Ships will come from the shores of Cyprus;
    they will subdue Ashur and Eber,
        but they too will come to ruin.”
    25 Then Balaam got up and returned home, and Balak went his own way.

    Go Deeper

    Numbers 24 is the third chapter where we see and hear from the wicked prophet Balaam. As a reminder, King Balak of Moab wanted Balaam to curse the people of Israel in exchange for a reward. Balaam, unlike some who are considered to be “false prophets”, actually does hear from God. So while he’s not a false prophet, he is also not a righteous one. God, however, can use anyone or any means necessary to communicate His message when the timing is right and His words, through Balaam, are another example of that power and might on display. 

    This chapter begins with Balaam not resorting to sorcery or magic as he had previously, but instead he simply delivered the words that God wanted him to. As he began to speak, the text says that the Spirit of God came on him (v. 2) and he began to deliver a blessing over Israel. King Balak, infuriated by this blessing (which was the exact opposite of what he intended), sends him away in anger. Balaam stops to remind Balak that he can only say what God tells him to say (v. 13). 

    The chapter ends with Balaam delivering four more messages, including one about a star that would come out of Jacob and a scepter that would rise out of Israel (v. 17). Some scholars and early church writers (such as Justin Martyr, for example) believe this to be a reference to the coming Messiah who would ultimately free Israel from the spiritual bondage they were in. Multiple verses in the New Testament use similar language to back up this argument (Matthew 2:2, Hebrews 1:8, Revelation 19:15). This serves as another reminder to us that the entirety of scripture ultimately points to the brokenness of the world and our need for a Savior. 

    This chapter ends on an interesting note, as both Balaam and Balak go their separate ways. Pastor and commentator David Guzik says this in his Enduring Word commentary:

    “Undoubtedly, both were disappointed and perhaps angry, each because Israel had not been weakened spiritually and therefore made ready for defeat in battle. Balak wanted Israel defeated, and Balaam wanted Balak’s money, but each wanted Israel spiritually cursed–and God would not curse Israel.”

    As we’ll read in the days to come, Israel ultimately does compromise and rebel in a way that breaks God’s heart.

    Questions

    1. What stuck out to you on your first read through this chapter?
    2. Why do you believe God chose to speak through Balaam?
    3. What does this passage teach you about God? What does it teach you about humanity?

    Did You Know?

    Dr. Thomas Constable, a retired Dallas Theological Seminary professor, has this note on the references to Balaam in the New Testament:

    “New Testament writers referred to Balaam three times, and each time it was in connection with apostasy. Second Peter 2:15-16 refers to “the way of Balaam,” which is covetousness. Jude 11 speaks of “the error of Balaam,” which is thinking that one can sin with impunity. Revelation 2:14 refers to “the teaching of Balaam,” which is compromise with the world.”

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  • Numbers 23

    Numbers 23

    Read Numbers 23

    Balaam’s First Message

    23 Balaam said, “Build me seven altars here, and prepare seven bulls and seven rams for me.” Balak did as Balaam said, and the two of them offered a bull and a ram on each altar.

    Then Balaam said to Balak, “Stay here beside your offering while I go aside. Perhaps the Lord will come to meet with me. Whatever he reveals to me I will tell you.” Then he went off to a barren height.

    God met with him, and Balaam said, “I have prepared seven altars, and on each altar I have offered a bull and a ram.”

    The Lord put a word in Balaam’s mouth and said, “Go back to Balak and give him this word.”

    So he went back to him and found him standing beside his offering, with all the Moabite officials. Then Balaam spoke his message:

    “Balak brought me from Aram,
        the king of Moab from the eastern mountains.
    ‘Come,’ he said, ‘curse Jacob for me;
        come, denounce Israel.’
    How can I curse
        those whom God has not cursed?
    How can I denounce
        those whom the Lord has not denounced?
    From the rocky peaks I see them,
        from the heights I view them.
    I see a people who live apart
        and do not consider themselves one of the nations.
    10 Who can count the dust of Jacob
        or number even a fourth of Israel?
    Let me die the death of the righteous,
        and may my final end be like theirs!”

    11 Balak said to Balaam, “What have you done to me? I brought you to curse my enemies, but you have done nothing but bless them!”

    12 He answered, “Must I not speak what the Lord puts in my mouth?”

    Balaam’s Second Message

    13 Then Balak said to him, “Come with me to another place where you can see them; you will not see them all but only the outskirts of their camp. And from there, curse them for me.” 14 So he took him to the field of Zophim on the top of Pisgah, and there he built seven altars and offered a bull and a ram on each altar.

    15 Balaam said to Balak, “Stay here beside your offering while I meet with him over there.”

    16 The Lord met with Balaam and put a word in his mouth and said, “Go back to Balak and give him this word.”

    17 So he went to him and found him standing beside his offering, with the Moabite officials. Balak asked him, “What did the Lord say?”

    18 Then he spoke his message:

    “Arise, Balak, and listen;
        hear me, son of Zippor.
    19 God is not human, that he should lie,
        not a human being, that he should change his mind.
    Does he speak and then not act?
        Does he promise and not fulfill?
    20 I have received a command to bless;
        he has blessed, and I cannot change it.

    21 “No misfortune is seen in Jacob,
        no misery observed in Israel.
    The Lord their God is with them;
        the shout of the King is among them.
    22 God brought them out of Egypt;
        they have the strength of a wild ox.
    23 There is no divination against Jacob,
        no evil omens against Israel.
    It will now be said of Jacob
        and of Israel, ‘See what God has done!’
    24 The people rise like a lioness;
        they rouse themselves like a lion
    that does not rest till it devours its prey
        and drinks the blood of its victims.”

    25 Then Balak said to Balaam, “Neither curse them at all nor bless them at all!”

    26 Balaam answered, “Did I not tell you I must do whatever the Lord says?”

    Balaam’s Third Message

    27 Then Balak said to Balaam, “Come, let me take you to another place.Perhaps it will please God to let you curse them for me from there.” 28 And Balak took Balaam to the top of Peor, overlooking the wasteland.

    29 Balaam said, “Build me seven altars here, and prepare seven bulls and seven rams for me.” 30 Balak did as Balaam had said, and offered a bull and a ram on each altar.

    Go Deeper

    God’s people are moving through the wilderness heading towards the Promised Land. As we saw through the census in Numbers 1, the Israelites are a large group of people. The natives of the land they were passing through were understandably intimidated by them. The Israelites have come across the Moabites, and in the previous chapter it says, “Moab was terrified because there were so many people. Indeed, Moab was filled with dread because of the Israelites” (22:3). The Moabites are led by a man named Balak, and Balak decides that they are going to conquer God’s people because they are a threat. 

    During this time, it was a pagan practice to find a diviner to curse the people before going into battle, just to make sure that the “gods” were in favor of them. Divination was similar to fortune-telling, and God prohibited the practice of it in Israel (Deuteronomy 18:10-13). So the Moabites’ goal was to curse Israel, then conquer them. Balak hires a diviner named Balaam to do just that. Balak sends men to hire Balaam, however the Lord appears to Balaam and tells him, “You must not put a curse on those people, because they are blessed” (22:12). Balak sends more messengers to increase the offer, and Balaam entertains this by going with them. As he was riding his donkey, the angel of the Lord appeared to him and spoke to him through the donkey. Balaam repents, and meets with Balak, the King of Moab.  

    Balaam tells Balak to build him seven altars, then sacrifices seven bulls and seven rams. Both the pagans and the Israelites regarded seven as a complete number. Balaam faithfully speaks the message that God gives him and instead blesses Israel in the form of an oracle. An oracle is a special revelation from God. The first oracle wasn’t super specific, but it did reveal that the Lord backed Israel over Moab. He is unable to curse someone that God has not cursed. Balak responds saying, “What have you done to me? I brought you to curse my enemies, but you have done nothing but bless them!” (v. 11). Balaam replies stating, “Must I not speak what the Lord puts in my mouth?” (v. 12). God’s presence is still with His people, and in the absence of Moses, He speaks to them through Balaam 

    In the second oracle, Balaam speaks another blessing over Israel. He says, “There is no magic curse against Jacob and no divination against Israel” (v. 23). Balaam references different Abrahamic promises in this blessing. This story shows us that God can use anyone at any time to do anything. God used a pagan divination expert as an instrument of blessing on His people. God was working on behalf of the Israelites despite their failure and lack of faithfulness. Although it may seem like it, Balaam is not the hero of the story. Balaam eventually received his reward from Balak by instructing the Moabites on how to entice the Israelites to sin. The plan to curse and conquer Israel didn’t work, so the Balaam led them to compromise. We will read more about that in Numbers 25, and the consequences of their corruption. 

    Questions

    1. What stands out to you about this chapter? What questions do you have? 

    2. What does God using a pagan diviner and a talking donkey to pronounce blessing upon Israel teach you about His character?

    3. What is the problem with making anyone other than God the hero of the story?

    Keep Digging

    Check out this article from GotQuestions.org to learn more about Balaam! 

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